France, officially the French Republic, is a unitary semi-presidential republic located mostly in Western Europe, with several overseas regions and territories.

A Master of Science or MSc is a postgraduate degree typically in the fields of sciences and social sciences. MSc may be course-based, research-based, or a mixture of the two.

On-campus learning refers to attending classes in person. It typically involves going to traditional classes and lectures, participating in group activities, and engaging with faculty and peers in person. On-campus learning also often includes access to laboratories, libraries, and other campus resources such as student clubs, career services offices, and recreation centers.